Cervical spine anatomy12/22/2023 16 Gray’s anatomy 37th ed Philadelphia, Pa: Lea & Febiger, 1989.Pediatric cervical spine injuries: report of 102 cases and review of the literature. 14 Eleraky MA, Theodore N, Adams M, Rekate HL, Sonntag KHV.Cervical spine injuries in children: a review of 103 patients treated consecutively at a level 1 pediatric trauma center. Characteristics of pediatric cervical spine injuries. 11 Kokoska ER, Keller MS, Rallo MC, Weber TR.Pediatric cervical spine injuries: defining the disease. 10 Patel JC, Tepas JJ, III, Mollitt DL, Pieper P.Radiology of the cervical spine in trauma patients: practice pitfalls and recommendations for improving efficiency and communication. Spinal injuries in 57 patients 17 years or younger. Pediatric cervical spine fractures: predominantly subtle presentation. 7 Dietrich AM, Ginn-Pease ME, Bartowski HM, King DR.Acute fractures and dislocations of the cervical spine in children and adolescents. 6 McGrory BJ, Klassen RA, Chao EY, Staeheli JW, Weaver AL.Acute spinal-cord lesions in a pediatric population: epidemiological and clinical features. 5 Kewalramani LS, Kraus JF, Sterling HM.Traumatic spinal cord injury in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1935–1981. 4 Griffin MR, Opitz JL, Kurland LT, Ebersold MJ, O’Fallon WM. ![]() Evaluation of pediatric cervical spine injuries. The normal cervical spine in infants and children. These variants include pseudosubluxation, absence of cervical lordosis, wedging of the C3 vertebra, widening of the predental space, prevertebral soft-tissue widening, intervertebral widening, and “pseudo–Jefferson fracture.” In addition, familiarity with mechanisms of injury and appropriate imaging modalities will aid in the correct interpretation of radiologic images of the pediatric cervical spine. Familiarity with anatomic variants is also important for correct image interpretation. Knowledge of the normal embryologic development and anatomy of the cervical spine is important to avoid mistaking synchondroses for fractures in the setting of trauma. Cervical spine injuries in children are usually seen in the upper cervical region owing to the unique biomechanics and anatomy of the pediatric cervical spine. Emergency radiologic evaluation of the pediatric cervical spine can be challenging because of the confusing appearance of synchondroses, normal anatomic variants, and injuries that are unique to children.
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